Which of the following is NOT a function of non-pathogenic microorganisms?

Non-pathogenic microorganisms play several beneficial roles in various ecosystems, including in the human body. They are essential for various functions that promote health and well-being.

One of their key functions is facilitating digestion. Certain non-pathogenic bacteria in the gut help break down complex carbohydrates and other nutrients, making them easier to absorb. This process is crucial for overall digestive health.

Additionally, many non-pathogenic microorganisms are involved in producing vitamins, such as vitamin K and certain B vitamins, which are important for numerous bodily functions, including metabolism and blood coagulation.

These microorganisms also protect against pathogens by outcompeting them for resources and producing substances that inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria. This forms part of the body's natural defense system.

In contrast, the role of causing disease is characteristic of pathogenic microorganisms, not non-pathogenic ones. Therefore, identifying that causing disease is not a function of non-pathogenic microorganisms highlights their primarily beneficial roles in both human health and environmental processes.